The thrust produced by one of these devices is not enough to lift its own power supply.

So one bubble could produce thrust for years and years.

In case of a rocket or a jet aircraft, the force is exactly the thrust produced by the engine.

The working fluid is then expanded through a nozzle to produce thrust.

The size of the nozzle affects the thrust produced by the rocket.

To produce direct thrust, a magnetic field would form the pusher plate.

Also, once the craft left the atmosphere, it would need some form of on-board material to fire out the back to produce thrust.

The ionized gas is accelerated by a magnetic field to produce thrust.

The thrust produced by a Hall thruster varies depending on the power level.

The system is not designed to produce thrust.