In the first study subjects drove a set route around Cambridge giving verbal risk ratings; they then performed an unexpected free recall task.

However, this may have largely been caused by the difficulty of the actual recall task.

The participants were later asked to complete either a recall task or a recognition task.

In the recall task, the participants were asked to remember as much as they could about each scenario.

"Chunking" maintains a number of characteristics when observed in recall tasks.

Therefore, when "chunking" is evident in recall tasks, one can expect a higher proportion of correct recalls.

The opposite, collaborative inhibition, refers to a decreased memory performance on recall tasks in groups.

This is because in a recall task, a specific memory trace must be activated, and outside ideas could produce a kind of interference.

This was then followed by an "incidental recall task".

Distributed practice in verbal recall tasks: A review and quantitative synthesis.