In lieu of being on the ground with activists, Access seeks to protect their community and communications online.

Executive privilege claims were originally used by the President to protect personal communications from Congress.

Or was it merely a Microsoft programmer's remarkably bad choice of language in a software system designed to protect electronic communications and commerce?

In fact, there is no general Federal privilege protecting doctor-patient communications.

They think that one of the most important uses of cryptography is to protect communications from the Government.

This increased the need to protect communications.

Some lawyers fear that a broader effort is under way to weaken the privilege protecting lawyer-client communications.

Republicans have also evolved a bit on the issue of "executive privilege," the doctrine that protects communications between the president and his top advisers.

These issues also include encryption policies that let companies and individuals protect confidential communications from hackers or competitors.

Moscow's functions would be limited to protecting external borders, transport, communications and guidelines for international relations, he said.