The polymer layer could probably be engineered to prevent only bacteria known to cause decay from getting their first foothold on the teeth.

The signal is produced by electrochemical and physical changes in the conducting polymer layer due to changes occurring at the surface of the sensor.

However, typically a polymer layer needs a thickness of at least 100 nm to absorb enough light.

The P2i technology employs plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition processing to apply an ultrathin polymer layer onto all surfaces of a product.

This allows for the development of the polymer layer, which forms a covalent bond with the product's surface, making it extremely durable.

The thin polymer layer acts like a concentrator that absorbs gaseous molecules.

Thin polymer adhesive layers are applied to enhance resistance to particles and surface defects.

This treatment typically consists of a thin polymer layer that is unidirectionally rubbed using, for example, a cloth.

Usually electrostatic force is small because the sample has been covered with a polymer layer.

Another commonly used method of passivation is accomplished through coating the material with polymer layers.