A lawsuit filed in 1972 sought to end persistent segregation in the Atlanta schools by busing pupils across city, county and district lines in a six-county region.

Citizens' task forces studied how to combat school violence, low academic achievement, and persistent racial segregation.

Human capital explanations for occupational segregation, then, posit that a difference in educational levels of men and women is responsible for persistent occupational segregation.

Wide differences in taxable commercial property, teachers' salaries and state aid, along with persistent segregation of wealth and poverty and varying concentrations of school-age children, all contribute to the inequities.

Three dissenting Justices wisely called for more careful consideration of how much of the persistent segregation was due to official rather than private action.

While overt segregation is illegal in the United States, housing patterns show significant and persistent segregation for certain races and income groups.

Nevertheless, persistent racial segregation in the Birmingham area, especially after the loss of Ensley's major industries, made it so that the student body had become overwhelmingly African American by the mid 1970s.

And an increasing minority population is coinciding with persistent segregation.

In the suburbs, zoning that excludes multifamily housing is the official policy most often blamed for persistent segregation.

Because of persistent residential segregation, he said, elderly white voters do not necessarily live in the same school districts as young members of minorities.