Replicas that are removed might be moved to a parent node for later reuse should they become popular again.

Once again, the values are assigned to each parent node.

Siblings are nodes that share the same parent node.

The inherited attributes are passed down from parent nodes.

Greater overall space usage when not being operated on, mainly to store parent nodes.

In the following code, the parent node is the operator .

But, unlike hierarchical, each child node can be linked to multiple, higher parent nodes.

Otherwise, push the middle value up into the parent node.

Add the middle key to the parent node.

Find follows parent nodes until it reaches the root.