An example of orthogonal functions is shown in the picture on the left.

Biomolecular engineering includes approaches which aim to create a toolkit of functional units that can be introduced to present new orthogonal functions in living cells.

For the first layer the orthogonal functions are (co)sine functions, with 32 different frequencies (tones).

He developed a complete set of orthogonal functions known as the Wannier functions which became tools of the trade for solid-state theorists.

Principal components analysis (or empirical orthogonal function analysis)

The and functions are essentially Fourier or Laplace expansions, and form a set of orthogonal functions.

The Wannier functions are a complete set of orthogonal functions used in solid-state physics.

"On sequences of orthogonal functions" contains his most known result, i.e. the Severini-Egorov theorem.

The eigenvectors of the lag-covariance matrix are called temporal empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs).

The basis set is composed of a finite number of orthogonal functions.