That optimism, vibrantly apparent in all three films, stems from ravers' faith in music and dance as regenerative, liberating forces.

The optimism stems partly from Canandaigua's most recent quarterly earnings, which, because of increased sales and progress in solving its problems, were 40 percent higher than expected.

Mr. Hubbard's optimism stems from his family's history of betting successfully on new media.

In part this optimism stems from how well the sector has fared since the end of textile and clothing quotas, under the Multifibre Agreement, in early 2005.

That optimism had stemmed from a draft agreement on agriculture reached Thursday in talks between Sir Leon and Mickey Kantor, the United States trade representative.

Mr. Zapson said his optimism about the project stems from experience.

Their optimism for the tablet also stems from consumers' willingness to spend money using mobile devices.

The optimism stems both from technology innovations - high-performance drill bits, for example, and from continuing mergers that eliminate redundant operations and provide economies of scale.

"All this recent misplaced optimism about a recovery stems from a lack of understanding about real estate as a market," Mr. Hemmerdinger said.

HIS optimism stems from the Synclavier's capabilities; it vastly simplifies the job of synchronizing sound with picture in a film or video.