Constance protested this decision at the court of the emperor Manuel in Constantinople, as the Byzantine emperor was nominal overlord of Antioch.

In February 1399 there was a reconciliation between Groningen and its nominal overlord, the bishop of Utrecht, which shows the city was making preparations to go to war.

The chiefs enjoyed a large amount of autonomy, from their nominal overlord, the sultanate of Delhi.

The pope also wrote about this impending "offence to the Christian faith" to King Louis I of Hungary, the nominal overlord of the ban, and that marriage never happened.

He lost the southern territories of Tenasserim coast back to his nominal overlord Sukhothai, and looked to expand his territory northwards.

He wrote a sirventes attacking Guilhem dels Baus, his nominal overlord as King of Arles.

The first Christian counties in the region were set out in the 9th century, in which the local counts paid little heed to their nominal Frankish overlords.

The Tui Nayau, who had been the nominal overlord of the Lau Islands, became subject to Ma'afu.

This resulted in the 1826 Burney and Low Treaties formalising relations between the two Malay states and Siam, their nominal overlord.

From being one prince among many others he became the most powerful ruler in Europe, richer even than the Emperor, and completely overshadowing his own nominal overlord, the King of France.