Although the precise role of amelogenin(s) in regulating the mineralization process is unknown, it is known that amelogenins are abundant during amelogenesis.

It is thought that small amounts of water may have gotten into cracks inducing mineralization processes.

Both temperature and fluids are responsible for its formation through a two stage hydrothermal mineralization process.

Phosphatization can be microbially mediated, especially in decay-resistant groups such as arthropods; or substrate-dominated, where phosphate-rich tissue leads the mineralization process (as in fish).

The mineralization process itself helps prevent tissue compaction, which distorts the actual size of organs.

Moreover, many proteins are regulators in the mineralization process.

Proteins used for the mineralization process compose most of the material transported into the matrix, importantly amelogenins, ameloblastins, enamelins, and tuftelins.

Proteins used for the final mineralization process compose most of the transported material.

Without the protein, the crystal structure would be too brittle to keep its form and the organic matrix is thought to have a role in deposition of calcium during the mineralization process.

The function of tuftelins is under contention, but it is proposed that it acts to start the mineralization process of enamel during tooth development.