For example, individuals in communist societies can still engage in rational utility maximizing behavior by building relationships to bureaucrats who control distribution, or by using small plots of land in their garden to supplement official food rations.

From the 1960s, however, such comments abated as the economic theory of maximizing behavior and rational-choice modeling expanded the domain of the subject to areas previously treated in other fields.

Gary Becker, a contributor to the expansion of economics into new areas, describes the approach he favors as "combin[ing the] assumptions of maximizing behavior, stable preferences, and market equilibrium, used relentlessly and unflinchingly."

This approach to law applies theories or economics to identify the legal implications of maximizing behavior inside and outside of markets.

Game Theory, which can demonstrate how actors with maximizing behavior might fail to take action increase join gain.

On the other hand, opponents deem that companies may claim to voluntary adhere to self-imposed regulations but in practice they often follow profit maximizing behavior often violating stakeholders' interests.

It did assume rational, maximizing behavior by locators.

Kapp, hence, rejected Pigou's confusing terminology of externalities and provides several hundred pages of empirical data to support his argument that social costs are systemic, i.e. rooted in profit maximizing behavior of businesses, and an enormous problem of modern civilization.

It sought to demonstrate a common mathematical structure underlying multiple branches of economics from two basic principles: maximizing behavior of agents (such as of utility by consumers and profits by firms) and stability of equilibrium as to economic systems (such as markets or economies).

Companies which are not listed publicly are more likely to engage in profit maximising behavior as their share capital structure makes it very easy to give its members financial returns.