This year, makers will spend $26 billion, or 20 percent of revenue, finding new drugs and winning approval for them.

While the incentives cost almost double the amount spent previously, they cost far less than what General Motors and other American makers spent.

Its maker spent an estimated $15 million on ads on national cable paid programming from October 2004 to October 2005.

Aboriginal makers spend a lot of time looking for a tree that has been hollowed out by termites.

The entire look of the film is rich and the makers have spent ostensibly on sets for the song sequences.

In contrast, the maker of the artificial sweetener sucralose spent 11 years winning F.D.A. approval and is required to list the ingredient on food labels.

Last year, makers of sleeping pills spent more than $600 million on advertising aimed at consumers.

Tiny, gas powered miniatures, not more than two feet long, they shone with work that their makers had spent on them.

In the case of Claritin, Mr. Gore said its maker spent more money on advertising than on research.

The biggest makers, like Motorola, Nokia and Kyocera, spend heavily to market their phones.