In many oxygenases, α-ketoglutarate helps the reaction by being oxidized together with the main substrate.

The main substrates of the gelatinases are type IV collagen and gelatin, and these enzymes are distinguished by the presence of an additional domain inserted into the catalytic domain.

Commercially, the main substrates are alkenes.

Since 1954, it has been known that DNA is the main physical substrate to genetic information, and it is capable of high-fidelity replication through many generations.

However, as its two main substrates are both hemicelloses, the enzyme is expected to be found in the apoplast.

Decor should be kept to a minimum in such an aquarium and sand or fine gravel should be used as the main substrate.

The main substrate that has been characterized so far for VSPs is phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate, which VSPs dephosphorylate at the 5' position.

In Diptera and Hymenoptera, with asynchronous fibrillar flight-muscles, a respiratory quotient of unity during flight indicates that carbohydrates are the main substrate.

This one-back memory may be the main substrate for both the integration processes in iconic memory and masking effects.

The main substrates of chymotrypsin include tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, leucine, and methionine, which are cleaved at the carboxyl terminal.