In spring the new leaves develop with bite marks and turn brown.

In some species the old leaves persist and form a short column on which new leaves develop.

Leaves form with the stipules, and they are shed when the leaf develops.

On established plants, almost every new growth shoot has a flower spike before leaves fully develop.

Pruning of vines should take place annually, before the first leaves have fully developed.

As with other ferns, the leaves develop in a circinate pattern.

At the bottom of the plant a few small leaves develop, often forming a small bush.

Floating leaves will develop, when they can be trimmed.

Very often a small leaf develops when the bulbil is still attached to the mother plant.

Small monoecious flowers appear in early spring while the leaves are still developing.