This group was mainly made up of the suspended language federations and the Socialist Party of Michigan.

Party membership was at its nadir, less than 8,000, about half of whom were members of non-English-speaking foreign language federations.

The Socialist Party of Washington was predominantly an English-speaking organization, with only one foreign language federation in the state, the Finnish.

The moderate incumbents struck back by expelling several state organizations, half a dozen language federations, and many locals, in all two-thirds of the membership.

A number of Johnson's pamphlets were translated into Swedish, Hungarian, Ukrainian, and Croatian by the various foreign language federations of the SLP.

The Socialist education movement in America was closely connected with certain of the foreign language federations of the SPA, which taught children in their native tongue.

An increase in the membership of its language federations from areas involved in the Bolshevik Revolution proved illusory, since these members were soon lost to the Communist Party.

For many, the IWO took over the social functions associated with the Communist Party's language federations, which had lessened in importance throughout the decade of the 1920s.

The Finnish Federation remained the largest foreign language federation within the SPA throughout the 1920s.

A socialist Italian language federation was formed as part of the SLP in 1902, but split from it the following year.