Proximity problems is a class of problems in computational geometry which involve estimation of distances between geometric objects.

Quantitative bioassays involve estimation of the concentration or potency of a substance by measurement of the biological response that it produces.

Speckle masking (or bispectral analysis) is a speckle imaging method which involves estimation of the bispectrum or closure phases from each of the short exposures.

A weak test of speculative efficiency involves estimation of the following: where α and β are parameters and is an error term.

Any other approach to the "cost borne by the trader" would involve complex estimation and forensic accounting, and would lead to a new row over what is an acceptable charge.

FIC formulae are then available in a variety of situations, both for handling parametric, semiparametric and nonparametric situations, involving separate estimation of squared bias and variance, leading to estimated precision .

The second set of methods of estimation of heritability involves ANOVA and estimation of variance components.

FAX's monologues typically involved statistics and estimation, such as his musing on population density, or average yearly doughnut consumption.

It involves the identification and estimation of cost items for each phase of filmmaking (development, pre-production, production, post-production and distribution).