The court said the judge had improperly manipulated jury selection.

But industry experts and Congressional critics say the agency is improperly manipulating its own data to play down the problem.

But, a committee of the Enron board has concluded, the partnerships were eventually used to improperly manipulate the company's earnings.

They said it was a necessary response to hedge funds that were improperly manipulating the territory's financial markets.

The two editors recognized the likelihood that images were being improperly manipulated when the journal required all illustrations to be submitted in digital form.

Justice Tom wrote that to hold otherwise "would encourage subterfuges as a means of improperly manipulating rent stabilization."

"Stein improperly manipulated the process of nomination and election to the Hall to assure his election," the report concluded last month.

After two more years came a final ruling that EnerSys had improperly manipulated the system to give paltry bonuses.

The new regulations call on certain contractors to certify, on pain of forfeiting profits, that they have not improperly manipulated the procurement process.

For example, they said that Enron improperly manipulated the value of a large power contract it entered into in 1997 with the Tennessee Valley Authority.