To brace joists safely, position the horizontal timber with its wider surface vertical, but no more than two feet from the sill.

If you have crawl spaces, make sure that there is at least 18 inches clearance between the horizontal timbers and the ground.

The gun ports developed in this period show a unique feature, that of a horizontal timber across the opening.

Some examples have been found where the horizontal timbers were in turn covered with a wattle-and-daub layer.

At other times the horizontal timbers would be covered with a layer of primitively-finished lumber.

Near the top of the piling he climbed off onto a horizontal timber that was there to cushion the concrete pier from ship impacts.

(The curb is a horizontal heavy timber directly under the intersection of the two roof surfaces.)

These posts would have held horizontal timbers forming a wooden revetment to the front of the rampart.

And yes, as she looked, she saw notches in the stone high up, to hold the big horizontal timbers.

The support of horizontal timbers by corner posts is an old form of construction in Europe.