In the early 60's, Engelmann began to incorporate techniques like electronic sound generation, graphic notation, jazz and collage into his music.

The piece was composed using chance operations and written down in proportional graphic notation.

Traditional or graphic notation is encouraged but not required, and a tape of the piece should be included.

The beauties of many examples of graphic notation are not, in fact, a feature of eye music.

In Zyklus (1959), for example, he began using graphic notation for instrumental music.

Some modern composers such as John Cage have written music by making drawings called graphic notation.

It generally uses graphic notation for an interface and offers a number of views of the music.

Like some 20th-century composers of "classical" music, he used graphic notation to represent what could not possibly be conveyed by conventional notes on a staff.

Her works pioneered the use of non-traditional graphic notation and experimental techniques.

Throughout the score, Penderecki includes other forms of graphic notation.