In 2006, the Ahmadinejad government reportedly forced numerous Iranian scientists and university professors to resign or to retire.

Moreover, surprising aspects of the results have forced scientists to reassess some assumptions about how these and other vaccines against bacterial diseases work.

A chronic lack of funds for research often forces scientists in developing countries into intellectual isolation, jeopardizing their careers, their institutions and, ultimately, their nations.

Research institutions and universities in the South are under-funded, forcing scientists to work in difficult conditions and often with outdated equipment.

Above all, the cases have forced scientists to examine a standard feature of modern science, collaboration.

But even if it does not lead to new drugs, quorum sensing is forcing scientists to recognize that bacteria are more sophisticated than once thought.

The magnitude of the world epidemic is forcing scientists to move on several fronts at the same time.

These new results have forced scientists to rethink the nature of comets and their distinction from asteroids.

That decision led to job losses in Huntsville, forcing engineers and scientists to look beyond government-funded projects for work.

Forcing scientists to share their data is a problem.