Unlike most first-term Representatives, she introduced several bills.

A Big Gap In one of the biggest gaps, Nita M. Lowey, a New York Democrat who is a first-term Representative, has collected $1.2 million.

Eighth District (parts of Essex and Passaic Counties): This seat has been Democratic for decades, but a Republican, William Martini, a lawyer and former Assistant U.S. Attorney, is giving Herb Klein, a first-term Representative, a stiff challenge.

In his first term, as a member of the Gang of Seven, a group of first-term Republican Representatives, Taylor worked to expose the congressional corruption in the internal bank of the U.S. House (Rubbergate).

Business interests, which had been slow to join the trend, have been stirred to action by the barrage of advertising that the A.F.L.-C.I.O. has unleashed on Republican incumbents, particularly first-term Representatives swept into office by the conservative surge in 1994.

Subtle Surprises "The tendency is to think if you are a professional woman it's because you've turned your back on the traditional side," said Lucille Roybal-Allard, a first-term Democratic Representative from California, one of 23 new women in Congress this year, for a total to 54.

But Mr. Engler, with a four-year term, had twice the time as first-term Representatives for his policies to pay off.

One indication of the lengths to which the White House is willing to go in extracting commitments came this evening when Mr. Fields, a first-term Representative, told reporters of his wrenching decision to switch his opposing vote last week and agree to move the bill.

The first-term Representative, George J. Hochbrueckner, 49 years old, is a Democrat.