Extensive research has been carried out to better understand what kinds of experimental manipulations do and do not affect the N400.

In contrast, an observational study does not involve experimental manipulation.

These produce neural activity independent of the experimental manipulation.

They are wrong; highly controlled settings can be achieved without any experimental manipulation.

Often, model organisms are chosen on the basis that they are amenable to experimental manipulation.

After many hundreds of experimental manipulations, the researchers still had difficulty pinning down the male hierarchy.

In the real world, biology has proceeded by direct observation of cells and their development, and by experimental manipulation.

Importantly, however, such an experimental manipulation can at the same time increase the susceptibility to development of an autoimmune disease.

His experimental manipulations created the conditions that sparked the initial uprising on Earth.

The experimental manipulations were important in convincing the workers to feel this way: that conditions were really different.