The use of empirical parameters appears to allow some inclusion of correlation effects into the methods.

Treat it as an adjustable, empirical parameter that it is, not as a molecular constant.

The residual term contains an empirical parameter, , which is derived from experimental or occasionally estimated activity coefficients.

An empirical parameter between components that describes the intermolecular behaviour.

These early researchers later introduced other potentials containing additional empirical parameters with the hope of better reproducing the experimental data.

The new off-diagonal elements of the Hessian matrix take the below form, where p is an empirical parameter:

The discrepancies in estimates can be broken down into normative and empirical parameters (Fisher et al., 2007:232).

The parameter is an empirical parameter fitted from measurement data.

The HLC takes the same form but with different empirical parameters.

The magnitude of vibronic coupling is often introduced as an empirical parameter determined by reproducing experimental data.