One area where assessments of pain and suffering are effectively required to be made is in legal awards.

Race officials put out the black flag, effectively requiring all drivers to immediately stop on the track.

The law effectively requires that all existing licenses be replaced by 2013.

This effectively requires members each to own their own pistol.

The plan effectively required the New York exchange to become a faster, more automated system, which it was already working on.

Without a budget resolution, Senate rules effectively require that such tax cuts be approved by a two-thirds majority.

This latter provision effectively requires rate precepts to be made or issued for complete financial years.

The new rules will also effectively require an improvement in fuel economy on the order of 40 percent for vehicles sold in the state.

The foreign companies argued that effectively required them to meet higher standards than some American concerns, putting them at a disadvantage.

The House bill would effectively require states to spend large amounts of precious welfare funds on make-work jobs programs.