Denning, Morris and Parker LJ held that although the warehouse employees were negligent, the clause effectively exempted them.

The proposal effectively exempts the school system from an across-the-board spending cutback that the Mayor said would be necessary to avoid a budget shortfall.

The time frame effectively exempts members of the State Assembly and House of Representatives, who serve two-year terms.

A grandfather clause effectively exempted illiterate whites, but not blacks, from the literacy test by relating qualifications to whether one's grandfather had voted before a certain date.

The overwhelming majority of those cases were dropped after the first military rebellion when Congress responded to the rebels' demands and adopted a law that effectively exempted men still on active-duty from being charged in the abuse cases.

It effectively exempts both restaurants like Per Se, where butter and foie gras drive calorie counts soaring, to the corner kabob shop, where price and convenience matter more than the nutritional content of a shawarma.

In 1993, El Salvador passed an amnesty law for all individuals implicated by UN investigations, effectively exempting the army from prosecution.

It effectively exempts Dell from facing the social consequences of its strategy and allows companies to engage in a race to the bottom supported by both Member State and EU funds.

The centerpiece of the accord President Bush and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh signed last July effectively exempted India from decades of international rules under the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty.

It effectively exempted military personnel under the rank of Colonel from responsibility for their crimes, which included forced disappearances, illegal detentions, torture and murders.