Until 1545, ecclesiastical judges were required to have a degree in canon law; thereafter, they only needed a doctorate in civil law.

De Vivero later became the vicar-general and the first ecclesiastical judge of the city of Manila.

A member of the clergy, for instance, in some regions received a special tribunal in civil and criminal causes before an ecclesiastical judge.

Ultimately he was brought up in front of an ecclesiastical judge.

Indeed, the ecclesiastical function of the ruler was not just symbolic but actual, particularly as an ecclesiastical judge.

A few cases have ended up before ecclesiastical judges.

Father Nicolas, 64, an ecclesiastical judge who has also studied psychiatry and sexology, is among this modern group.

An appeal may be had to the Pope himself, who is the supreme ecclesiastical judge.

The auditors of the Rota are selected from among recognized ecclesiastical judges serving various Dioceses around the world.

When the send began to disappear, both ecclesiastical and secular judges were in general held equally competent for mixed offences.