System identification is a general term to describe mathematical tools and algorithms that build dynamical models from measured data.

A dynamical model in this context is a mathematical description of the dynamic behavior of a system or process.

A typical dynamical model is formalized by several differential equations that describe how the system's state changes over time.

Once a basic grammar had been learned, the networks could then parse complex sentences by predicting which words would appear next according to the dynamical model.

The evolution of these currents have been reproduced in dynamical models of the ocean-atmosphere system.

Making the definition of computing wide enough to incorporate dynamical models would effectively embrace pancomputationalism.

Robert, A., 1963: Baroclinic experiments with a four-level statistical dynamical model.

A dynamical model explaining this behavior was proposed by Peter Ditlevsen.

"The key here is producing a dynamical model of the surface growth."

On larger scales, too, dynamical models are helping solve problems of how things form and how they move.