During the conflict Turkish government used village guard system to distinguish "loyal" and "disloyal" citizens and backed the system with material benefits and coercion.

This was planned partially as a provocation, in order to identify potentially disloyal citizens who might wish to join the Bolsheviks' enemies.

The guerrillas, actually relieved at having their own families out of harm's way, slaughtered the "disloyal" citizens more ferociously than before.

District of Columbia citizens made no attempts to secede and through the war years, Lincoln-sponsored referendums approved systems of compensated emancipation and slave confiscation from "disloyal citizens".

Turning in such "disloyal citizens" kept yet other fingers from pointing at the informer.

Rescind citizenship of "disloyal" citizens.

That volume by Emerson Hough, an author of Western novels, called for a program of "selective immigration, deportation of un-Americans, and denaturalization of 'disloyal' citizens and anarchists."

They occupied it until early December 1862, using the building as a base for expeditions to fight Confederate units, chase down deserters, and seize property of disloyal citizens.

Russia in turn accused its Catholics of being disloyal citizens, without attacking the Pope himself.

He said that any resistance on the part of "disloyal" citizens would be met with harsh resistance, even death.