Teachers' union officials said they in no way intended to discourage voting.

In a country that spends so much time extolling the glories of democracy, it's amazing how many elected officials go out of their way to discourage voting.

Mr. Crump encouraged black voters to support him at a time when most Southern cities did all they could to discourage voting by blacks.

Democrats said Republicans were trying to discourage voting in Democratic-leaning counties.

Democrats and civil rights groups said these requirements could discourage voting by some black and Hispanic Americans and poor people.

The ballot itself discourages voting, he feels.

Some candidates mail negative messages to their opponent's supporters to discourage voting.

Mr. Quayle identified two other factors that he said encouraged apathy and discouraged voting.

And he said the partisan atmosphere in Washington not only discouraged voting but also running for office.

To discourage black voting, Southern Democrats resorted to violence.