The pedicles are directed backward and slightly upward, and the inferior vertebral notches are of large size, and deeper than in any other region of the vertebral column.

The superior articular surfaces are directed upward and backward; the spinous process is thick, long, and almost horizontal.

But his gaze was also directed backward, to Europe between the world wars.

The spinous process of a vertebra is directed backward and downward from the junction of the laminae (in humans), and serves for the attachment of muscles and ligaments.

The external surface, known as the dorsum ilii, is directed backward and lateralward behind, and downward and lateralward in front.

The bone is also directed more obliquely backward; this increases the size of the pelvic cavity and renders the sacrovertebral angle more prominent.

Each segment carries a spine at midline too that is directed backward, a character that distinguishes Beckwithia from other Aglaspidid genera.

Behind the optic foramen the anterior clinoid process is directed backward and medialward and gives attachment to the tentorium cerebelli.

The head shield is narrow, with two prominent pairs of spines directed backward (figures 3.13 and 3.14).

It measures from 12 to 15 mm., and its arch is directed horizontally backward and lateralward; thus each semicircular canal stands at right angles to the other two.