Once the cuts have been made, the resulting fragments are held together only by the relatively weak hydrogen bonds that hold the complementary bases to each other.

It involves denaturation and displacement of the DNA strands, resulting in mispairing of the complementary bases.

The two strands of DNA are bound together mainly by the stacking interactions, hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic effect between the complementary bases.

As its name implies, a PD consists of primer molecules that have attached (hybridized) to each other because of strings of complementary bases in the primers.

Virtual terminator nucleotides incorporate opposite the complementary base and prevent further incorporation because of the chemical structure appended to the nucleotide.

The complementary base to adenine is not thymine, as it is in DNA, but rather uracil, which is an unmethylated form of thymine.

The A-T and C-G pairings are required to match the hydrogen bonds between the amine and carbonyl groups on the complementary bases.

GC skew can also be used to study the strand biases and mechanism related to them by calculating the excess of one base over its complementary base in different milieus.

DNA helicase II (sometimes called UvrD) then comes in and removes the excised segment by actively breaking the hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases.

PBS (primer binding site) consists of 18 bases complementary to 3' end of tRNA primer.