"He believed in, clearly, what we call affirmative action today, as a justifiable compensatory program," Mr. Klein said.

And I believe that we need to craft compensatory programs to open paths of opportunity for them.

Those gains are consistent with the directing of new resources to minority students since 1971, both in compensatory programs and by retaining them in school longer.

Included are payments under retirement, pension, and compensatory programs.

The Bank also has interventions in other areas that affect children and adolescents in the region, such as education inputs, equity, and compensatory programs.

Our students need smaller classes, larger preschool and compensatory programs, more individualized instruction, better counseling and a broader variety of materials and texts.

Among other recommendations, the book says early childhood programs should focus on the poor, and the Government should provide support for supplementary and compensatory programs.

One reason black and Hispanic students displayed greater gains than whites, in fact, was that many of the former had more directly benefited from such compensatory programs.

The many recommendations it made contradict another popular myth - that compensatory programs only benefit minorities.

Research and development into compensatory educational programmes, referred to earlier, have focused much attention on the issues without necessarily resolving them.