The evanescent field can also be used to trap cold atoms and molecules near the surface of an optical waveguide or optical nanofiber.

In this kind of experiment, a sample of cold atoms provided by a Magneto-optical trap interacts with a pulsed standing wave of light.

As a result, more radiation energy passes from hot to cold atoms than from cold to hot.

Production and detection of cold antihydrogen atoms also happened at CERN in 2002, but those were short-lived.

The results were published in 2010, heralding new interactions between cold atoms and nanoscale systems.

The cloud of cold atoms then has insufficient energy to allow any of the atoms to exit a trap that confines them.

The magnetic trap (as a way of trapping very cold atoms) was first proposed by David Pritchard.

An example of a non-relativistic bosonic field is that describing cold bosonic atoms, such as Helium-4.

Other theoretical work towards experimental realizations is based on cold atoms.

Examples of non-relativistic bosonic fields include those describing cold bosonic atoms, such as Helium-4.