Instead, "America is now spending $7 billion a year defending itself against backpack nuclear bombs, canisters of nerve gas and petri dishes of germ weapons planted in crowded cities by an as-yet-unknown adversary."

Amrozi also assembled the car bomb, and backpack bomb used at Paddy's Pub, in an empty warehouse in Denpasar, Bali's capital city.

The backpack bombs were to be assembled by Mr. Azhari at his base in Java, and there was a serious concern about whether they could be taken on a bus to Bali without being detected.

The arrests halted what officials said was a bid to set off backpack bombs in a PATH train car and flood the tunnels.

The next day, Amrozi, Imron, and the person who will activate the bomb park outside the Sari Club and wait for the backpack bomb to explode.

Zazi agreed to cooperate with authorities and has told them that the groups planned to walk into the Times Square and Grand Central stations with backpack bombs at rush hour and then choose which subway lines to attack.

March 11 2004: Ten backpack bombs explode on four morning rush-hour commuter trains in Madrid, killing 191 people and injuring more than 1,800 others.

Jamal Zougam, 33, guilty and given maximum sentence of nearly 43,000 years in jail The Moroccan allegedly placed at least one of the backpack bombs on a train.

On October 14, 2004, the restaurant was destroyed, one patron was killed and five wounded by a backpack bomb.

"What they have to do now is re-examine their defenses in light of the new threat from suicide bombers with a small backpack bomb," said Brian Watters, a security consultant at Assessments Group Indonesia in Jakarta.