The name of the switching lemma stems from the following observation: Take an arbitrary formula in conjunctive normal form, which is in particular a depth-2 circuit.

Historian David Henige has argued that many population figures are the result of arbitrary formulas selectively applied to numbers from unreliable historical sources.

I didn't take a poll, or develop an arbitrary formula that might sound good.

Stanford believes the following information, presented without arbitrary formulas, provides a better foundation for prospective students and their families to begin comparing and contrasting schools.

Defined benefit plans promise a pension based on some arcane or arbitrary formula, typically something like 2 percent for every year of service times the final year's compensation.

This means that there is no decision procedure that determines whether arbitrary formulas are logically valid.

Let F be an arbitrary fixed formula.

"We do not use arbitrary formulas as a matter of principle, nor do we operate with any gnostic sorts of information," he says.

Senator Lautenberg believes our security assessments and actions must be based on real risk, not ideology or arbitrary formulas.

For example, ( L) is reformulated as follows (where C is an arbitrary formula):