A set of successive approximation methods for discounted Markovian decision problems.

Einstein used approximation methods in working out initial predictions of the theory.

In 1945 he developed an approximation method for many-body physics.

In addition to the models, efficient and accurate numerical approximation methods have also been developed.

This is further compounded by the use of different approximation methods in different countries.

In probability theory, moment closure is an approximation method used to estimate moments of a stochastic process.

Variational approximation methods use ansätze and then fit the parameters.

In this work Gauss used comprehensive approximation methods which he created for that purpose.

Use a more general approximation method such as the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm.

Therefore, the gray and diffuse approximation methods are commonly used to perform radiation calculations.