Prefix grammars: An alternative characterization of the regular languages.

An alternative characterization of Euclidean vectors, especially in physics, describes them as lists of quantities which behave a certain way under a coordinate system.

Several alternative characterizations of cographs can be given.

An alternative characterization of chordal graphs, due to , involves trees and their subtrees.

There are also more alternative characterizations.

The frequency response, given by the filter's transfer function , is an alternative characterization of the filter.

Meagre sets have a useful alternative characterization in terms of the Banach-Mazur game.

An alternative characterization of line graphs was proven by (and reported earlier without proof by ).

One possible alternative characterization of this identity is as follows:

An alternative characterization of closed sets is available via sequences and nets.