These were intercepted and defeated by Déby's Sudanese ally, the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM), thus forcing the rebels to give up for good and moved to Mongo in central Chad to regroup.

Parts 1 and 2 of the Black Book in English, from the Justice and Equality Movement's website.

However, the agreement was rejected by two other, smaller groups, the Justice and Equality Movement and a rival faction of the SLA.

On 10 May 2008, a Darfur rebel group, the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) mounted an assault on the Sudanese capital.

One of the main Darfur rebel groups, the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) is "more autonomous" in relation to Chadian authorities than Chadian rebels are to Khartoum, Marchal said.

In 2009, Hamad participated in brokering a peace agreement to end the conflict in Darfur ("The Goodwill and Confidence Building Pact") between the government of Sudan and Justice and Equality Movement.

It was widely discussed, despite attempts to censor it, and many of the writers went on to help found the rebel Justice and Equality Movement.

One of the Justice & Equality Movement's chief negotiators in Abuja is a professor of anthropology in Maynooth, Ireland.

But the agreement, signed in Abuja, was rejected by a smaller SLM faction and the rebel Justice and Equality Movement.

The third person, Khalil Ibrahim, is the leader of the rebel Justice and Equality Movement.