But experts say it is likely to alter the course of addiction research, pointing researchers toward new ideas for treatment.

Self-Administration studies have long been considered the "standard" in addiction research using both animal and human models.

The goal of addiction research is to find ways to prevent and reverse the effects of addiction on the brain.

As a result, the emphasis in addiction research has begun to shift, to move beyond the dopamine pleasure centers to other systems in the brain.

Research on stress and drug-primed reinstatement has implications for treatment of addiction research in humans.

Mr. Solomon was a pioneer in addiction research, having devised an opponent-process theory to explain drug use and addiction.

The Addiction Research Center is a center of addiction research that was founded in 1948.

Most addiction research has focused on brain circuits that use the neurotransmitter dopamine as a reward, Dr. Molliver said.

Dr. Patrick Carnes, a pioneer in sexual addiction research, has outlined four core beliefs common in most sexual addicts.

Affiliated with the University of Toronto, Motherisk team members include experts in addiction research, clinical pharmacology, genetics, nutrition, obstetrics, preventive medicine and psychology.