The cause of Bonds's physical changes has been endlesslyscrutinized; he has repeatedly denied knowingly using steroids, and baseball only began testing for them in 2003.

Virenque has denied knowingly using any of the drugs that six of his nine teammates in the last Tour have admitted they took.

The swimmers, who have denied knowingly taking DHT, are appealing their suspensions.

He has denied knowingly accepting drug money.

Virenque has denied knowingly using any of the illegal performance-enhancing drugs that six of his teammates have admitted they took.

He has always denied knowingly taking drugs and believed he was a victim of sabotage.

Bonds has denied knowingly using steroids, an assertion cast in doubt long ago by his well-documented physical transformation from whippet to mastiff.

Bonds has denied knowingly using steroids, but there has long been a belief in the sport that he has used them.

Bonds has repeatedly denied knowingly taking steroids.

Johnson, who has not testified, has denied knowingly taking steroids.